This discussion paper, prepared by the Institute for Justice and Reconciliation for UNDP, explores the concept of social cohesion and its measurement across African contexts. Rooted in both classical theory and African values such as Ubuntu, the paper underscores the interdependence between inclusive development and social cohesion. It outlines efforts to develop a measurement framework that enables policymakers to assess how development policies foster solidarity, inclusion, and resilience at national and regional levels across the continent.